The Brihadeesvara
Temple (Also called as Big Temple, Rajarajesvaram or
Peruvudaiyār Kōvil) at Thanjavur stands as a supreme example of Chola
architecture and remains one of the greatest glories of Indian architecture.
பிரமிப்பை ஏற்படுத்தும் வகையில்
Rajaraja Chola was a
great devotee of God Shiva and Saivism was at its peak at that
time.
Built on a scale
appropriate enough to house the presiding deity - Sri Brihadeesvara (is the
second biggest Shiva Lingam among the Shiva Temples both in India and World,
having a total height of 9 ft and of 23.5 ft in body circumference), the temple
excites us with many unique architectural features.
The magnificent view
of 'Vimana' (temple tower) built completely using granite rocks appears as one
enters the huge open courtyard from the Rajarajan Gopuram.
OUTER ENCLOSURE WALL - 'Pura Mathil' :
This way leads into an outer court of the temple which measures 793 feet by 397 feet.
INNER ENCLOSURE WALL - 'Thiruchuttru Maalikai Puramathil' :
The inner court is about 500 feet long and 250 feet wide and contains small equi-spaced Nandhis all round the wall.
THE ENTRANCES :
There are three main entrances to the shrine called the 'Keralanthakan Thiruvaayil', 'Rajarajan Thiruvaayil' and 'Thiru-Anukkan'.
The entrances are guarded by 'Dwarapalakas' or ferocious guardians of the gate, all monoliths of huge proportions with exquisite workmanship.
TEMPLE TOWER and DOME
The pyramidal shaped temple tower raises to a height of 113feet with 13 levels from the top floor of top corridor of the 'Karuvarai' (sanctum).
The pyramidal tower is reduced into a neck at the top ending up in a truncated square basement of 26 sq.feet. The square base of the dome is adorned by 8 'Nandhis'(holy bulls) with two Nandis (each measuring 6.5 feet by 5.5 feet) at each corners.
The ornate 'Sikaram'
(hemispherical dome weighing approximately 81 tonnes) with an octagonal plinth
having total height of 28 feet is placed on the square basement.
The 13 feet
gold plated 'Kalasam' (pinnacle) is crowned over the centre of the dome. The vertical height of the
basement, sanctum at two levels, Vimanam, Sikaram and Kalasam totals to height
of 216 feet.
Height of Sanctum(22 ft + 32 ft) in two levels.:54 feet
Vimanam : 113 feet
Octagonal Plinth : 8 feet
Hemispherical Dome : 20 feet
Kalasam : 13 feet
TOTAL Height from Ground to Crown = 216 feet
குவிமாடம் : 20 அடி
கலசம் : 13 அடி
மொத்த உயரம் (தரையிலிருந்து கலசம் வரை) : 216 அடி
The entrances are guarded by 'Dwarapalakas' or ferocious guardians of the gate, all monoliths of huge proportions with exquisite workmanship. |
The 'SILPIS' (Architects) :
This great temple
was designed and constructed by an expert group of architects headed by
Viracholan Kunjajara Mallan alias 'Rajaraja Perum Thatchchan' with the
expertise of two other Silpis namely, Kunavan Mathuranthakan alias
'Niththavinotha Perum Thatchchan' and Ilaththi Sadaiyan alias 'Kandaraathiththa
Perum Thatchchan'.
The 'Big temple' was
recognized by the UNESCO as a World Heritage site and Great Living Chola Temple
which draws devotees, art lovers, scholars and historians all over the world.
Thanjavur is a historical city in Tamilnadu, South India.Here is a Walk-Thru of photographs of the Big Temple from my archives.
DHAKSHINA MERU:
It was called ‘Dhakshina Meru’ (Southern Mount) as a complement to the ‘Uttara Meru’ (Northern Mount) or the sacred mount of Kailasa.
The lower part of the Eastern face has a large stone panel depicting God Siva, Goddess Parvathi and Ganga Devi inside an ornamented arch, Lord Ganesha on their left and Lord Muruga with his consorts Valli and Dheivayanai on their right - all depicted as residing on Kailasa at the Himalayas.
The 'Big temple' was recognized by the UNESCO as a World Heritage site and Great Living Chola Temple which draws devotees, art lovers, scholars and historians all over the world. |
NANDI MANDAPAM with centuries old fresco in ceilings:
This Nandi (Holy Bull) in front of the Big temple is one of the largest monolith granite Nandis of India.
Reputed for its record size(Length 19 feet, Height 13 feet), this massive monolithic Nandi is sculpted spectacularly in a perfect proportion.
The Nandi Mandapa ceiling is enriched with centuries old murals that still preserves its glory today.
Period : Nayaks, 16th Century.
This Nandi (Holy Bull) in front of the Big temple is one of the largest monolith granite Nandis of India.
Reputed for its record size(Length 19 feet, Height 13 feet), this massive monolithic Nandi is sculpted spectacularly in a perfect proportion.
The Nandi Mandapa ceiling is enriched with centuries old murals that still preserves its glory today.
Period : Nayaks, 16th Century.
The richness in ornaments and bells around the neck, tail, hoof, smooth contours will amaze you in every aspect. |
Original Nandi of Raja Raja period |
Purusha Mirugam Nayak period : 16-17th Century |
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